More: Venezuela
The Question of Power: Who Governs Venezuela?
A small yet influential group of political and military leaders has been in control of Venezuela, supported by loyalists and security forces. This power...
How Trump’s Assertion of Raw Power Is Reshaping the Global Order
He has ousted Venezuela’s leadership, expressed desires to control its vast oil reserves, and issued military threats to other Latin American states. There are...
Venezuela Resumes Oil Exports, Begins Reversing Production Cuts
Venezuela's state oil company has started reopening some wells previously shut due to a U.S. embargo, allowing crude exports to resume with two shipments...
Why Trump is Reopening Venezuela’s Oil to the U.S. Market
The United States is moving to reopen Venezuelan oil exports just weeks after a U.S. military operation removed former Venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro from...
Why Venezuela’s Air Defenses Never Fired: When C4ISR Disarms C2
How can an air defense system cease to function without being destroyed? And what does this apparent inaction reveal about the profound transformation of...
When the Powerful Break the Rules, No One is Safe
The images from Caracas in January were jarring, not because Latin America is unfamiliar with upheaval, but because of who crossed the line and...
Trump’s legacy: Eroding legal norms
"I do not need international law," said Donald Trump, President of the United States of America, a superpower. This is not just mere rhetoric...
Heavy Oil and Venezuela’s Shifting Role
Venezuela’s place in global energy history is far more substantial than today’s production figures suggest. During the Second World War, the country was nothing...
Sovereignty in the Crosshairs: Great Power Securitization and the Global Order Crisis
At the beginning of 2026, the international world is witnessing events that disrupt the principles of sovereignty and the rules-based international order. Two major...
From Venezuela to Greenland: The Revenge of Geography in a Fragmenting World Order
The growing uncertainty about the liberal international order is now evident not just in moments of institutional paralysis or diplomatic stalemate. It is reflected...