The progress of an area is very much determined by the ability and success in implementing development. The success of development is mainly determined by the factor whether or not a public policy is implemented according to community needs. Government policy has a high role in influencing the success or failure of improved community welfare. In the theory and practice of modern government it is taught that to create the good governance requires decentralization of government.
The condition of post-reform Indonesia has given the authority and power distribution independently to the regions to manage and manage their own households, which is known as regional autonomy and decentralization. Regional autonomy is a form of government response to the various demands of society for state order and governance. This is a signal that democratic life has developed in a country, due to the need for society to obtain better and more responsive policies.
One of the alternatives for realizing good and responsive policies is through regional autonomy. With the change in the strategic environment in the local government system in Indonesia. This is marked by the enactment of Law Number 22 of 1999 then changing to Law Number 32 of 2004 and becoming Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government providing opportunities for regions, both provinces and districts / cities to have the authority to regulate and take care of the interests of the local community according to their own initiatives based on the aspirations of the community by not violating the prevailing laws and regulations.
Policy implementation is not part of a mechanism process, where each actor automatically does whatever must be done in accordance with the policy-making scenario, but is an activity process that is often influenced by several factors that are significant enough to achieve policy goals and objectives as well as conflicts of interest between the actors involved. , both as managers, field officers and target groups. To achieve the goal of regional autonomy, good governance is needed.
Good governance is a series of processes that are applied in organizations, both private and public, to make decisions. The implementation of good governance is a prerequisite for every government to realize the aspirations of society, achieve the goals and ideals of a state.
The implementation of regional governance by involving the participation of the wider community allows the creation of democratic regional government in the framework of good governance. Good governance refers to the process of managing government through the involvement of broad stakeholders in various fields, ranging from economic, social, political, natural resource utilization, finance, and human for the benefit of all parties, namely the government, the private sector, and the community in accordance with the principles of principles of fairness, honesty, equality, efficiency, transparency and accountability.
Good governance has the principle of comprehensive governance and is open to use by any government, therefore it must be applied in the administration of government at the regional level. And when the concept of good governance is included in local governance, it is then referred to as good local governance. Research on good governance in the regions has often been carried out by experts, for example Dewirahmadanirwati (2018) who examines “Implementation of Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance”, Yoserizal and Yudiatmaja (2007, 2010) on “Government Strategy in Developing e-Government as an Effort Improving the Quality of Public Services: In the Perspective of Regional Autonomy “, Yoserizal and Tovalini K., (2011) on” Implementation of Public Accountability Principles and Their Relation to Bureaucratic Reform “,
However, research on how the relationship between the application of the principles of good governance by Government Administrators (Governors and Heads of Regional People’s Representatives Council) in improving the quality of public policies does not exist. Due to the absence of research on the application of the principles of good governance by Government Administrators (Governor and Chair of the Regional People’s Representative Council) in improving the quality of public policy, it is the academic concern of the author who voices to carry out this research. Where in general Indonesian researchers and scholars (even the world) still focus their studies on the application of the concepts and principles of good governance and their relation to public services.
So far, a large number of policies have been decided by Regional Government Administrators, but have not been able to identify the substantive problems of society. Whether it is the problem of poverty, education, health (stunting) and so on, under these conditions it can be assumed that the implementation of policies by local government administrators is positioned as not part of the mechanism process, where each actor will automatically do whatever has to be done according to the policy-making scenario , but rather as an activity process which is often influenced by several factors that are significant enough to achieve policy goals and objectives as well as conflicts of interest among the actors involved, either as managers, field officers or target groups.
This is in line with Professor Utomo (2012) that “in implementation, administration is still considered an activity that has a reputation as sluggish, cumbersome, swollen, redtape, inefficient, routine, rigid, narrow, arrogance, complex procedures, formal measures. , and others that cause government activities to be ineffective, inefficient, unresponsive, and uneconomical
As with the principles of regional autonomy, it should be in line with the principles of good governance to create quality public policies in accordance with the needs of society. The principles of good governance according to the UNDP (United Nation Development Program) are: (1) participation, (2) legal certainty, (3) transparency, (4) responsibility, (5) agreement-oriented, (6) justice, (7) effectiveness and efficiency, (8) accountability, (9) strategic vision. These principles are inherent in governance in order to achieve what is expected so that good relations with the community can be felt.
Of course, policies are made through several stages, then up to policy implementation. Policy implementation is a practice from the government given for the purpose of meeting the demands of society. So that studies on the application (implementation) of the principles of good governance in governance, especially in shaping quality public policies need to be developed to find the right steps (policies) in regional planning.
Regional structuring has been regulated in Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government Article 31 paragraph 2 which has six scopes, namely: (a.) Realizing the effectiveness of Regional Government administration; (b.) accelerate the improvement of community welfare; (c.) accelerating the improvement of the quality of public services; (d.) improve the quality of governance; (e.) increase national competitiveness and regional competitiveness; and (f.) maintaining the uniqueness of local customs, traditions and culture.
The quality of public policies through the application of good governance values ​​is largely determined by regional government administrators. Meanwhile, regional government administrators in accordance with Law Number 23 of 2014 Article 57 which reads “Provincial and district / city Regional Government Administrators consist of regional heads and DPRD assisted by Regional Apparatus”.
In relation to how the Regional Head (Governor and Regent / Mayor) and how the DPRD (Provincial, Regency / City) learn it (draft / draft amendments to the Perda on RPJPD and draft Perda on RPJMD to DPRD to be discussed with DPRD, as well as formulate and determine RKPD ) in carrying out the constitutional mandate, check and balance (mutual supervision and balance) depends on how the two regional government administrators apply the principles of good governance. Development as a process of change in society through policy making, where poverty must be eliminated, creativity and knowledge be increased, and health becomes prime for society.
Provincial and district / city regions have various development issues according to their household scope which must be handled appropriately by regional government administrators. Then broadly the author divides it into 2 (two), namely: (a.)Natural resources (SDA) include: land resources, marine and aquatic resources, forest and water resources, and mineral resources; (b.) Human resources (HR), including: education, manpower, religion, sports and youth development, women’s empowerment, health and social welfare.
However, until now, the condition of the region in accordance with the development issues above is still a serious note. So that to follow up on the various development issues above, regional government administrators must really apply the principles of good local governance in forming quality public policies so that they are appropriate to answer development issues, realize people’s welfare, and achieve state goals.
