World News
Digital Single Market: Commission publishes guidance on free flow of non-personal data

The European Commission published a new guidance on the interaction of free flow of non-personal data with the EU data protection rules.
As part of the Digital Single Market strategy, the new Regulation on the free flow of non-personal data, which has started to apply in the Member states, will allow data to be stored and processed everywhere in the EU without unjustified restrictions. Today’s guidance aims to help users – in particular small and medium-sized enterprises – understand the interaction between these new rules and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) – especially when datasets are composed of both personal and non-personal data.
Vice-President for the Digital Single Market Andrus Ansip said: “By 2025 the data economy of the EU27 is likely to provide 5.4% of its GDP, equivalent to €544 billion. However, that huge potential is limited if data cannot move freely. By removing forced data localisation restrictions, we give more people and businesses the chance to make the most out of data and its opportunities. Today’s guidance will now give full clarity on how free-flow of non-personal data interacts with our strong personal data protection rules.”
Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society Mariya Gabriel said: “Our economy is increasingly driven by data. With the regulation on the free flow of non-personal data and the General Data Protection Regulation, we have a comprehensive framework for a common European data space and the free movement of all data within the European Union. The guidance that we are publishing today will help businesses, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, to understand the interaction between the two regulations.”
Together with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which started to apply one year ago, the new Regulation on the free flow of non-personal data provides for a stable legal and business environment on data processing. The new Regulation prevents EU countries from putting laws in place that unjustifiably force data to be held solely inside national territory. It is the first of its kind in the world. The new rules increase legal certainty and trust for businesses and make it easier for SMEs and start-ups to develop new innovative services, to make use of the best offers of data processing services in the internal market, and to expand business across borders.
Today’s guidance gives practical examples on how the rules should be applied when a business is processing datasets composed of both personal and non-personal data. It also explains the concepts of personal and non-personal data, including mixed datasets; lists the principles of free movement of data and the prevention of data localisation requirements under both, the GDPR and the free flow of non-personal data Regulation; and covers the notion of data portability under the Regulation on the free flow of non-personal data. The guidance also includes the self-regulatory requirements set out in the two Regulations.
Background
The Commission presented the framework for the free flow of non-personal data in September 2017 as part of President Jean-Claude Juncker’s State of the Union address to unlock the full potential of the European Data Economy and the Digital Single Market strategy. The new Regulation applies since yesterday 28 May. As part of the new rules, the Commission was required to publish guidance on the interaction between this Regulation and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), especially as regards datasets composed of both personal and non-personal data.
The free flow of non-personal data rules are in line with existing rules for the free movement and portability of personal data in the EU. They:
Ensure the free flow of data across borders: The new rules set a framework for data storing and processing across the EU, preventing data localisation restrictions. Member States will have to communicate any remaining or planned data localisation restrictions to the Commission, which in turn will assess if they are justifiable. The two Regulations will function together to enable the free flow of any data – personal and non-personal – thus creating a common European space for data. In the case of a mixed dataset, the GDPR provision guaranteeing free flow of personal data will apply to the personal data part of the set, and the free flow of non-personal data principle will apply to the non-personal part.
Ensure data availability for regulatory control: Public authorities will be able to access data for scrutiny and supervisory control wherever it is stored or processed in the EU. Member States may sanction users that do not provide upon request by a competent authority access to data stored in another Member State.
Encourage the development of codes of conduct for cloud services to facilitate switching between cloud service providers by the end of November 2019. This will make the market for cloud services more flexible and the data services in the EU more affordable.
World News
ABC news: Xi signals strength in Russia-China alliance

Chinese President Xi Jinping departed Moscow on Wednesday after two days of highly symbolic meetings with Russian President Vladimir Putin, in which the two presented a united front and an alternative vision for global leadership, notes ABCnews.
Despite statements saying that “China-Russia relations are not the kind of military-political alliance during the Cold War,” China and Russia made clear they wanted to “advance the trend toward a multi-polar world.”
“This highly publicized summit may reflect a shift towards a new and more active role for China, as it seizes the opportunity to convey diplomatic – and possibly tangible – support for Russia and any other state that wishes to defy the West,” – Michael Butler, associate professor of political science at Clark University, told ABC News.
Joint animosity towards the U.S.-led world order has kept Russia and China close despite Putin’s war in Ukraine and western sanctions against Russia has made China their biggest customer and economic lifeline.
Beijing increasingly sees Russia as necessary ally as China and United States continue to fallout over numerous fronts not limited to Taiwan and access to semiconductors. It was further exasperated by the spy balloon episode earlier this year.
Beijing had initially hoped that the spiraling tensions with the U.S. would abate in the wake of Xi’s meeting with President Joe Biden in Bali last November, but as they continued to crater, Xi seems to have re-prioritized Russian relationship. He even aimed a rare direct slight at the United States earlier this month, blaming the Americans for “containment and suppression” as the reasons for China’s economic challenges.
Xi highlighted on numerous occasions over the two days of meetings that Russia and China are each other’s largest neighbors and that their partnership is “consistent with historical logic and a strategic choice of China.”
World News
Petr Pavl: “Ukraine must adjust to dwindling Western support”

“We must consider war weariness”, says Czech President Petr Pavl. According to Czech President Petr Pavl, Ukraine must adjust to dwindling Western support. “We have to consider war weariness and what that means for support from Western states. This will pass with time,” Pavel told the ‘Süddeutsche Zeitung’.
He also mentioned the 2024 US presidential election and the concentration on domestic politics that could then be expected: “If US support decreases, support for a number of European countries will also decrease. Ukraine should take this into account.”
Thus, in 2024, Ukraine will probably no longer be able to start any large and complex operations, the new Czech president said. “This year is decisive for the development of the war.”
The former general was wary of the prospects of Ukraine joining NATO in the foreseeable future. “Ukraine’s path to Europe should run through a faster rapprochement with the European Union and only then with law enforcement agencies,” the President said. “I think that’s the right order.”
World News
WP: The real lesson from the showy Xi-Putin meeting

Pentagon strategists have always divided the world into East and West, with U.S. regional forces under European Command or Indo-Pacific Command. But looking at the embrace of Presidents Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin this week, you wonder whether we may need a single “Eurasian Command” to handle an integrated threat, writes ‘The Washington Post’ in a comment.
Xi’s rescue strategy for Russia seems to center on a peace plan that would stanch the bleeding in Ukraine. From what we know, Xi proposes a cease-fire agreement… By playing the peacemaker, Xi can position himself better to take other, harsher rescue measures if Ukraine rejects a cease-fire. He could offer ammunition for Russia, arguing he’s only leveling the playing field.
He could try to mobilize nations of the Global South, such as India, South Africa and Brazil, to pressure Ukraine to end the fighting. Xi wants to keep the high ground, invoking the sanctity of the United Nations charter even as he affirms his support for the Russian leader who shattered that charter’s norms. It’s a shameless approach, but smart diplomacy.
Xi’s emerging role as the leader of a Eurasian bloc presents dilemmas for U.S. strategists.
For a generation, separating China from Russia was a central goal of U.S. foreign policy. Driving that wedge was a major reason for the historic visit to China in 1972 by President Richard M. Nixon and national security adviser Henry Kissinger.
The Biden administration initially hoped it could try that strategy in reverse — warming relations with Moscow in the June 2021 summit in Geneva in part to concentrate on the Chinese challenge. That didn’t work out as the White House hoped, to put it mildly.
Now it’s Xi who is the triangulator. He is playing off the bitter split between the United States and Russia, helping Putin.
Xi similarly used China’s close relations with Iran to make the diplomatic breakthrough between Riyadh and Tehran that the United States could never achieve, writes WP.
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